Title: Working Principle of Brushed Motors

Brand: Jkongmotor

Introduction:

Brushed DC motors are a fundamental component in various industrial and consumer applications due to their simplicity and efficiency. Jkongmotor offers a range of brushed motors from 42mm to 90mm, with optional gearboxes including planetary and turbo gearboxes.

The main structure of a brushed DC motor consists of a stator, rotor, and brushes. It operates by generating torque through a rotating magnetic field, converting electrical energy into mechanical motion. The brushes make continuous contact with the commutator, providing conduction and commutation during rotation.

Working Principle:

Brushed DC motors employ mechanical commutation, where the magnets remain stationary while the coils rotate. During operation, the coils and commutator rotate while the magnets and brushes remain static. The alternating current direction in the coils is achieved through the rotation of the commutator and brushes.

In a brushed DC motor, the coils' two power input terminals are arranged in a circular fashion, insulated from each other and formed into a cylindrical shape connected to the motor shaft. The power is supplied through two carbon elements known as brushes, which are pressed onto two specific points on the circular coil power input by spring pressure, energizing a coil group.

As the motor rotates, different coils or different poles of the same coil are energized at different times, ensuring that the magnetic field generated by the coils aligns appropriately with the nearest poles of the permanent magnet stator. The magnetic attraction and repulsion between opposite and like poles create a force that drives the motor rotation. The carbon electrodes slide on the coil terminals, resembling a brush on a surface, hence the term "carbon brush."

The sliding action between the brushes and coils causes friction, leading to wear on the carbon brushes, necessitating periodic replacement. Additionally, the intermittent connection and disconnection between the carbon brushes and coil terminals can produce electrical sparks, resulting in electromagnetic interference that may disrupt electronic devices.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, brushed DC motors offered by Jkongmotor provide reliable and efficient solutions for various applications. Understanding the working principle of these motors is crucial for optimizing their performance and ensuring their longevity. Despite the maintenance requirements associated with carbon brushes, brushed motors remain a popular choice in many industries for their simplicity and effectiveness in converting electrical energy into mechanical motion.